Singapore

Singapore is a sovereign city-state at the southern end of the Malay Peninsula. It consists of one main island and numerous smaller islands, and is a major port and financial center.

Founding of modern Singapore: The establishment of a British trading settlement on Singapore Island in 1819 under Stamford Raffles. The 1819 settlement began the port’s transformation into a colonial entrepôt.
Parliamentary system: A system of government in which the executive is drawn from and accountable to a legislature. Singapore’s government operates through a parliamentary system with a prime minister and legislature.
Port of Singapore: A major global seaport serving container shipping, transshipment, and maritime services. The port makes Singapore a transfer point for goods moving between ocean regions.
Singapore's economic development: Singapore’s transformation from a trading port into a high-income economy after independence. Its rapid industrialization and services growth underpin the city-state’s present prosperity.
Malaysia: A federal country in Southeast Asia that borders Singapore across the Johor Strait. Singapore’s shared history and close economic ties contrast with its separate sovereignty.
Straits Settlements: A British colonial administration formed in 1826 from Penang, Malacca, and Singapore. Singapore became the administrative center of this British colonial grouping.
People's Action Party: A political party founded in Singapore in 1954 that has governed the country since self-government began in 1959. The party’s long dominance has shaped Singapore’s political institutions and policy continuity.
Changi Airport: Singapore’s main international airport and a major aviation hub in Southeast Asia. Air links extend the city-state’s role as a regional center for travel and commerce.
Singapore model: A label for Singapore’s combination of state-led development, global trade, and tightly managed political institutions. The model draws attention to the unusual pairing of market openness and strong state direction.
Johor: A Malaysian state at the southern end of the Malay Peninsula, separated from Singapore by the Johor Strait. Cross-border travel and trade connect Singapore closely to neighboring Johor.

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