Social media activism

Social media activism uses online platforms to publicize causes, coordinate collective action, and press institutions or communities for social or political change.

Hashtag activism: Hashtag activism uses searchable social media tags to gather attention and discussion around a cause. Hashtags make dispersed posts discoverable and give campaigns a shared public label.
Arab Spring: The Arab Spring was a wave of uprisings and protests across the Middle East and North Africa beginning in 2010. Social platforms helped circulate information and organize action during several uprisings.
Slacktivism: Slacktivism is low-effort online support for a cause, often criticized as having little effect beyond signaling concern. The term captures concerns that likes and shares may substitute for sustained participation.
Grassroots organizing: Grassroots organizing builds collective power through local participation and community-led action. It often depends on sustained relationships and local structures beyond online attention.
Networked protest: Networked protest is collective action organized and communicated through digital networks. It describes how online connections can coordinate demonstrations without a single central organization.
Black Lives Matter: Black Lives Matter is a movement opposing anti-Black racism and violence, founded in 2013. Its organizing and public campaigns have used social platforms to document incidents and mobilize supporters.
Digital repression: Digital repression uses digital technologies to monitor, restrict, or punish political expression and organizing. Online campaigns can expose activists to surveillance, censorship, and targeted retaliation.
Digital campaign: A digital campaign is a coordinated effort that uses online channels to pursue a defined goal. It is a broader format that can promote a cause without organizing collective activism.
Social network analysis: Social network analysis studies relationships among people, groups, or organizations as networks. It helps explain how information and mobilization move through activists’ online connections.
Kony 2012: Kony 2012 was a viral online campaign by the organization Invisible Children seeking Joseph Kony’s arrest. Its rapid spread illustrates both the reach and limits of viral advocacy.

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