Socialist self-management

Socialist self-management is an economic and political system in which workers collectively govern enterprises and participate in decisions about production and public affairs.

Workers' self-management: A system in which workers collectively make decisions about the organization and operation of their workplace. Workplace assemblies and elected bodies provide the enterprise-level core of socialist self-management.
Yugoslavia: A socialist federation in southeastern Europe that existed from 1945 to 1992 in varying forms. Yugoslavia became the most influential state experiment in socialist self-management.
Command economy: An economy in which a central authority directs major production and allocation decisions. Yugoslav self-management sought to replace direct administrative control over enterprises with worker participation.
Yugoslav economic system: The decentralized socialist economy of Yugoslavia, combining worker-managed enterprises with markets and federal planning. Its operation shows how self-management worked alongside market competition and public coordination.
Principal–agent problem: A conflict that arises when an agent's incentives or information differ from those of the person or group they represent. Elected managers may gain influence or pursue interests distinct from the workers who choose them.
Workers' council: A representative body through which workers deliberate and make decisions about workplace or political affairs. Councils can represent workers between general assemblies and coordinate enterprise decisions.
Tito–Stalin split: The 1948 rupture between Yugoslavia and the Soviet Union over political authority and foreign policy. The break opened space for Yugoslavia to develop a distinct socialist model.
State socialism: A socialist system in which the state owns or directs much of the economy. The model distinguished workers' enterprise governance from administration by state agencies.
Yugoslav economic crisis: The prolonged economic difficulties that affected Yugoslavia from the late 1970s, including debt, inflation, and unemployment. The crisis tested whether decentralized enterprises could coordinate investment and address regional disparities.
Economic calculation problem: The debate over how a socialist economy can compare costs and allocate resources without private capital markets. Self-managed enterprises still need ways to evaluate investments and coordinate scarce resources.

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Josip Broz TitoRelated: Tito's Yugoslavia used workers' councils as a distinctive alternative to Soviet-style central management.