Solid-state battery

A battery that uses a solid electrolyte rather than a liquid electrolyte to conduct ions between its electrodes. Its solid electrolyte may also serve as a separator.

Solid electrolyte: An ion-conducting solid that carries ions between a battery’s electrodes. It replaces the liquid electrolyte and must maintain contact with both electrodes.
Lithium-ion battery: A rechargeable battery in which lithium ions move between electrodes during charge and discharge. It provides the familiar cell architecture that many solid-state designs modify.
Liquid electrolyte: An ion-conducting liquid used between electrodes in an electrochemical cell. It is the conventional alternative that solid electrolytes replace.
Electric vehicle: A road vehicle propelled partly or entirely by electric motors powered by onboard energy storage. Higher energy density could extend driving range or reduce battery mass.
Battery manufacturing: The industrial processes used to produce battery materials, cells, and packs. Making thin, defect-free solid layers at scale remains a central engineering challenge.
Lithium metal battery: A battery that uses lithium metal as its negative electrode. Many solid-state designs pair solid electrolytes with lithium metal to raise energy density.
Electrolyte: A medium containing mobile ions that carry charge between a battery’s electrodes. The defining change is replacing this battery component’s liquid form with a solid.
Polymer electrolyte: An ion-conducting polymer material used as an electrolyte, often in a solid or gel-like form. Polymer-based cells blur simple distinctions between solid and liquid electrolyte systems.
Battery electric vehicle: An electric vehicle powered solely by rechargeable batteries. It is a prominent target for solid-state cells promising greater range and safety.
Energy density: The amount of energy stored per unit mass or volume. Solid-state designs are judged partly by whether they deliver practical gains over established cells.

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