Solo performance

A musical performance centered on one featured performer, who may sing or play an instrument alone or with accompaniment.

Soloist: A performer who carries the principal musical role in a work or performance. The soloist is the featured performer around whom this kind of performance is organized.
Piano recital: A concert in which a pianist performs a program, alone or with collaborators. It is a well-established format for presenting a solo instrumental performer.
Ensemble: A group of musicians performing together as a coordinated musical unit. An ensemble shares performance among multiple musicians rather than centering one featured performer.
Virtuosity: Exceptional technical skill and expressive command in musical performance. A soloist's exposed role can make technical and expressive mastery especially audible.
Accompaniment: Musical support for a principal melody or performer, supplied by voices or instruments. An accompanist can support a soloist without making the performance cease to be a solo.
Art song: A composed song, typically for solo voice and piano, intended for concert performance. The singer remains the featured soloist even when piano accompaniment is present.
Concerto: A work that sets one or more soloists in musical relationship with an ensemble or orchestra. A concerto combines solo prominence with substantial participation by a larger group.
Improvisation: The creation of music in real time rather than solely through prior composition. Solo settings can give performers room to shape or invent music as they play.
Monophony: A musical texture consisting of one melodic line, without independent simultaneous parts. A solo performance may be monophonic, but accompaniment can add other musical lines.
Lied: A German art song, usually for solo voice and piano, especially associated with the nineteenth century. The Lied is a distinctive repertoire built around a singer and an accompanying pianist.

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