Solute

A solute is a substance dispersed in a solvent to form a solution. It may be a solid, liquid, or gas, and its particles can be molecules or ions.

Solution: A homogeneous mixture in which one or more substances are dispersed in another substance. A solute becomes part of a solution when it disperses in a solvent.
Intermolecular force: An attraction or repulsion between particles that does not involve forming or breaking covalent bonds. Solute–solvent forces compete with attractions among solute and solvent particles.
Electrolyte: A substance that produces mobile ions when dissolved in a solvent or melted. Ionic solutes conduct electricity when their ions move freely in solution.
Suspension: A heterogeneous mixture containing particles that can settle or be removed by filtration. Suspended particles are not dissolved solutes in a homogeneous solution.
Solvent: The component of a solution that dissolves or disperses another substance. Its interactions with a solute determine whether and how much dissolves.
Solvation: The stabilization of dissolved particles by surrounding solvent molecules. Solvent molecules surround solute particles and help keep them dispersed.
Colligative property: A solution property that depends primarily on the number of dissolved particles, not their chemical identities. Dissolved solute particles change boiling point, freezing point, and vapor pressure.
Colloid: A mixture containing particles dispersed throughout another substance that do not readily settle. Colloidal particles are dispersed but differ from the molecular or ionic particles of ordinary solutions.
Dissolution: The process by which a substance disperses in a solvent to form a solution. It describes the transition from separate solute to dissolved particles.
Hydration: The association of water molecules with ions or molecules in an aqueous environment. When water is the solvent, its surrounding molecules hydrate dissolved solute particles.

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