Southern California

Southern California is the southern portion of the U.S. state of California, centered on Los Angeles and San Diego and extending across coastal, inland, and desert regions.

Los Angeles: Los Angeles is a major city in Southern California and the seat of Los Angeles County. The region’s largest city anchors its cultural, economic, and metropolitan identity.
Mediterranean climate: A climate with mild, wet winters and warm to hot, dry summers. It characterizes much of the coastal region and helps explain its seasonal water demands.
Tongva: The Tongva are Indigenous people whose ancestral homelands include the Los Angeles Basin and nearby islands. Their presence predates the region’s cities and remains part of its living history.
Hollywood: Hollywood is a Los Angeles district internationally associated with the American film and television industries. It anchors the region’s global role in screen entertainment.
Northern California: Northern California is the northern portion of the U.S. state of California, including the San Francisco Bay Area and Sacramento region. It is the broadest regional counterpart, with different urban centers and historical patterns.
San Diego: San Diego is a coastal city in Southern California near the U.S.–Mexico border. It is the region’s other major urban center and southernmost large coastal city.
Santa Ana winds: Santa Ana winds are hot, dry downslope winds that blow toward Southern California’s coast. They intensify autumn fire weather and shape a distinctive regional hazard.
Kumeyaay: The Kumeyaay are Indigenous people whose ancestral lands span present-day San Diego County and northern Baja California. Their homelands encompass the region’s southern borderlands.
Port of Los Angeles: The Port of Los Angeles is a major container port in San Pedro Bay. Together with nearby ports, it connects Southern California to global trade.
Central California: Central California is a region between Northern and Southern California whose boundaries vary by definition. Its shifting borders expose why Southern California’s northern edge is not universally agreed upon.

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