Spain

Spain is a country in southwestern Europe occupying most of the Iberian Peninsula. Its capital is Madrid, and its territory also includes the Balearic and Canary Islands.

Madrid: Madrid is Spain’s capital and its largest city. The national government and major institutions are based in this central Spanish city.
Hispania: Hispania was the Roman name for the Iberian Peninsula and its provinces under Roman rule. Roman rule shaped the peninsula’s infrastructure, law, and Latin-based languages.
Spanish cuisine: Spanish cuisine comprises the regional food traditions of Spain, including dishes such as paella and tortilla española. Distinct regional ingredients and cooking traditions make food a vivid expression of Spain’s diversity.
Portugal: Portugal is a country on the western Iberian Peninsula, bordering Spain and the Atlantic Ocean. Its separate language and national history distinguish Spain’s western neighbor.
Autonomous communities of Spain: Spain is divided into 17 autonomous communities and two autonomous cities, each with defined self-government powers. These regions are the main units through which Spain’s territorial autonomy operates.
Al-Andalus: Al-Andalus was the name for territories of the Iberian Peninsula under Muslim rule from the eighth century onward. Its centuries of rule left lasting influences on Spanish architecture, agriculture, and culture.
Tapas: Tapas are small portions of food served with drinks or as a meal in Spain and elsewhere. The custom of sharing small dishes is closely associated with Spanish social dining.
France: France is a country in western Europe that borders Spain across the Pyrenees. The mountain border separates Spain from a major neighbor with a different political and linguistic history.
Spanish Constitution of 1978: The Spanish Constitution of 1978 established the country’s current democratic system and territorial framework. It defines Spain as a parliamentary monarchy and recognizes regional autonomy.
Reconquista: The Reconquista was the gradual expansion of Christian kingdoms across the Iberian Peninsula between the eighth and fifteenth centuries. Its conclusion preceded the consolidation of the monarchy that became Spain.

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