Spark-ignition engine

An internal combustion engine that ignites a premixed fuel–air charge with an electric spark, typically near the end of compression.

Otto cycle: An idealized thermodynamic cycle modeling spark-ignition engines with constant-volume heat addition. Its four idealized strokes describe the engine’s compression, combustion, expansion, and exhaust.
Air–fuel ratio: The ratio of air mass to fuel mass in a combustible mixture. Mixture strength affects power, emissions, and combustion stability.
Gasoline engine: An internal combustion engine designed to burn gasoline as its fuel. It is the most familiar spark-ignition engine type.
Compression-ignition engine: An internal combustion engine that ignites fuel through compression-heated air rather than an electric spark. It uses a different ignition method and typically injects fuel after compressing air.
Three-way catalytic converter: An exhaust-treatment device that reduces nitrogen oxides and oxidizes carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons. It controls major pollutants from gasoline engines when the mixture is near stoichiometric.
Four-stroke engine: An engine cycle that completes intake, compression, power, and exhaust strokes in two crankshaft revolutions. Most automotive spark-ignition engines use these four piston strokes.
Fuel injection: A system that meters and delivers fuel into an engine’s intake or cylinders. It prepares the fuel–air charge that the spark-ignition engine burns.
Wankel engine: A rotary internal combustion engine in which a triangular rotor turns within a shaped housing. Its spark-ignition combustion occurs in moving chambers rather than piston cylinders.
Diesel engine: A compression-ignition engine that burns diesel fuel, usually by injecting it into hot compressed air. It is the principal engine type contrasted with gasoline spark ignition.
Octane rating: A measure of a fuel’s resistance to knock in spark-ignition engines. Higher knock resistance permits more compression or advanced ignition timing.

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