Sprint start

A sprint start is the procedure that launches a sprinter into a race, followed by the first acceleration steps. In track events, runners typically begin from starting blocks in a crouched position.

Starting blocks: Adjustable foot supports anchored to the track that sprinters push against at the start. They give the runner a firm surface for generating force at the gun.
Center of mass: The weighted average position of an object's mass, used to describe its motion. Its forward movement and height help characterize the runner's launch from the blocks.
Sprint training: Athletic training designed to improve short-distance running speed and performance. Start drills and strength work are commonly integrated into preparation for sprint races.
Standing start: A race start made from an upright or semi-upright position rather than from starting blocks. It contrasts with the crouched block start used in standard sprint races.
Set position: The crouched posture a sprinter holds after the starter's set command and before the gun. Body angles and weight distribution in this posture affect the push into the first step.
Impulse (physics): The change in momentum produced by a force acting over a time interval. Block push-off depends on the impulse applied before the feet leave their supports.
Block start drill: A practice repetition focused on launching from starting blocks and accelerating through the first steps. Repeated starts help athletes refine setup, timing, and push-off.
Crouch start: A low starting posture in which the runner places hands near the ground before accelerating. The block start is a specialized crouch start supported by fixed footplates.
Reaction time: The interval between a stimulus and the beginning of a response. In a race, it measures how quickly a sprinter responds to the starting signal.
Stride length: The distance covered between successive contacts of the same foot with the ground. Early strides lengthen as acceleration develops, but excessive reach can slow the runner.

Linked from 8 pages