Standard gravity

Standard gravity is the conventional acceleration due to gravity, defined exactly as 9.80665 metres per second squared. It is a reference value, not a claim about gravity at every location.

Kilogram-force: A non-SI unit of force equal to the force exerted on one kilogram under standard gravity. Its definition uses standard gravity to assign a force value to one kilogram.
Acceleration: The rate at which velocity changes with time. Standard gravity is a particular reference value for acceleration.
Earth's gravity: The gravitational field produced by Earth, varying with location and altitude. Its local acceleration differs from the fixed value assigned to standard gravity.
International Committee for Weights and Measures: The international body responsible for decisions and recommendations concerning measurement standards. International metrology bodies formalized standard gravity as a shared reference.
Standard atmosphere: A unit of pressure defined as exactly 101,325 pascals. Its exact pressure definition is independent of local gravitational acceleration, unlike weight-based measurements.
Gravitational acceleration: Acceleration caused by gravitational forces acting on an object. Standard gravity is a conventional value for this physical quantity.
Gravitational constant: The universal physical constant that sets the strength of gravity in Newtonian gravitation. Unlike standard gravity, it is a constant in a law of gravitation, not a reference acceleration.
CGS units: A metric unit system based on the centimetre, gram, and second. Older systems used different gravitational conventions and units, motivating standardized reference values.
Galileo Galilei: An Italian scientist whose studies of motion helped establish mathematical methods for investigating falling bodies. His work on falling motion helped distinguish measured acceleration from conventional reference values.
Weight: The force exerted on an object by gravity. Weight depends on gravitational acceleration, while standard gravity supplies a reference for calculating it.

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