Strigolactone

Strigolactones are plant hormones that suppress shoot branching, shape root development, and signal to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and parasitic plants.

Strigolactone biosynthesis: The enzymatic pathway that produces strigolactones from carotenoid precursors. Carotenoid cleavage enzymes initiate the pathway that supplies these hormones and root-released signals.
Shoot branching: The production and growth of lateral shoots from a plant's main stem. Strigolactones suppress axillary bud outgrowth, shaping plant architecture.
Carotenoids: Pigments and signaling molecules synthesized by plants and other organisms from isoprenoid precursors. Strigolactone biosynthesis begins with carotenoid substrates.
Strigol: A strigolactone first isolated from cotton root exudates and found to stimulate Striga germination. Its discovery revealed the host-derived germination signal that defined the strigolactone family.
DWARF14: A plant α/β hydrolase that perceives strigolactones and initiates signaling. This receptor hydrolyzes strigolactones and helps trigger responses that inhibit branching.
Arbuscular mycorrhiza: A mutualistic association between plant roots and fungi that exchange mineral nutrients and carbon. Root-released strigolactones stimulate fungal activity and promote early stages of colonization.
Root system architecture: The spatial arrangement and growth pattern of a plant's roots. Strigolactones influence root growth and branching within this larger architectural system.
Strigolactone discovery: The research history that established strigolactones as plant hormones and rhizosphere signals. Studies of parasitic-weed germination and shoot branching uncovered the hormone's two roles.
D53: A family of transcriptional corepressors targeted for degradation in strigolactone signaling. Removing D53 relieves repression of genes that mediate strigolactone responses.
Striga: A genus of parasitic plants that attach to host roots and cause major crop losses. Strigolactones in host-root exudates trigger Striga seed germination.

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Apical dominanceRelated: Strigolactone signaling contributes to suppression of axillary-bud growth.