Knowra Sulfide Sulfide Sulfide is sulfur in a reduced chemical form, including the S²⁻ ion and compounds containing it. Sulfide compounds range from ionic salts to covalent molecules and minerals.
Hydrogen sulfide : A colorless, toxic gas with the formula H₂S, known for its rotten-egg odor. Dissolved H₂S is the protonated form associated with hydrosulfide and sulfide ions.
Sulfur : A nonmetallic chemical element with atomic number 16 and several allotropes. Sulfide is one reduced chemical form of this element.
Froth flotation : A mineral-processing method that separates particles through selective attachment to air bubbles. Collectors can make sulfide ore minerals hydrophobic so they rise with froth.
Sulfate : The SO₄²⁻ polyatomic anion, in which sulfur is in the +6 oxidation state. Sulfate is a highly oxidized sulfur form, unlike reduced sulfide.
Hydrosulfide : The HS⁻ ion, formed when hydrogen sulfide loses one proton. Hydrosulfide is the dominant dissolved sulfide species across much of the natural pH range.
Sulfide ion : The S²⁻ anion, consisting of a sulfur atom with a charge of minus two. This ion is the simplest charged species included in the definition of sulfide.
Acid mine drainage : Acidic, metal-rich water produced when sulfide minerals oxidize after exposure to air and water. Oxidation of sulfide-bearing rock is a major source of this pollution.
Sulfite : The SO₃²⁻ polyatomic anion, in which sulfur is in the +4 oxidation state. Sulfite has oxygen and a higher sulfur oxidation state than sulfide.
Acid–base reaction : A chemical reaction involving the transfer of protons between acids and bases. Proton transfer determines whether dissolved sulfur occurs as H₂S, HS⁻, or S²⁻.
Oxidation state : A formal number assigned to an atom to track electron distribution in compounds and reactions. Sulfur’s oxidation state distinguishes sulfide from more oxidized sulfur species.
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