Sun Yat-sen

Sun Yat-sen was a Chinese revolutionary and political leader who helped overthrow the Qing dynasty and became the first provisional president of the Republic of China.

Cuiheng: A village in Guangdong where Sun Yat-sen was born in 1866. His childhood in this village preceded schooling in Hawaii and medical training in Hong Kong.
Song Jiaoren: A Chinese revolutionary and politician who helped organize the Kuomintang and advocated parliamentary government. Song helped turn Sun’s revolutionary movement into an electoral party after the Qing fell.
Tongmenghui: A revolutionary alliance founded in Tokyo in 1905 to overthrow the Qing dynasty and establish a republic. Sun helped unite several anti-Qing groups through this alliance.
Provisional Government of the Republic of China: The temporary republican government established in Nanjing after the Qing dynasty’s collapse. Sun became its provisional president in 1912, inaugurating the republic he had advocated.
Hong Kong College of Medicine for Chinese: A medical school established in Hong Kong in 1887, later incorporated into the University of Hong Kong. Sun trained as a physician here before committing himself to revolution.
Huang Xing: A Chinese revolutionary who organized anti-Qing uprisings and became one of Sun Yat-sen’s closest allies. Huang supplied military leadership to the revolutionary cause Sun helped coordinate.
Xinhai Revolution: The 1911 revolution that ended Qing rule and led to the establishment of the Republic of China. The uprising achieved the central goal of the movement Sun had promoted for years.
Republic of China: A state founded in 1912 after the Qing dynasty’s fall, now governing Taiwan and associated islands. Sun’s presidency began the republican state whose political future remained contested.
First Sino-Japanese War: A war from 1894 to 1895 in which Japan defeated Qing China over influence in Korea. Qing China’s defeat sharpened Sun’s case that the dynasty could not defend or reform the country.
Yuan Shikai: A Qing general who became president of the Republic of China and later declared himself emperor. Sun’s republican program collided with Yuan’s concentration of power after the dynasty’s fall.

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