Sunda Kingdom

A medieval Hindu-Buddhist kingdom in western Java, centered at Pakuan Pajajaran. It endured from the seventh century until its capital fell in 1579.

Tarumanagara: An early Hindu-Buddhist kingdom in western Java, known from inscriptions dating mainly to the fifth century. Its territory and political traditions preceded the emergence of the Sunda Kingdom.
Pakuan Pajajaran: The royal capital of the Sunda Kingdom, located near present-day Bogor in western Java. The court’s location anchored royal administration and political authority.
Sri Baduga Maharaja: A fifteenth-century Sunda king, also known as Prabu Siliwangi, associated with Pakuan Pajajaran. His reign became a defining period in later accounts of Sunda’s royal power.
Batu Tulis Inscription: A stone inscription at Bogor commemorating the Sunda king Sri Baduga Maharaja. It preserves a royal memorial tied to Pakuan Pajajaran.
Ciaruteun Inscription: A fifth-century Sanskrit inscription in western Java associated with King Purnawarman of Tarumanagara. It documents the earlier political landscape from which Sunda later emerged.
Sunda Strait: The strait separating Java and Sumatra, linking the Java Sea with the Indian Ocean. Control of routes around this passage connected Sunda to regional commerce.
Surawisesa: A Sunda king who ruled in the early sixteenth century and pursued relations with the Portuguese. His diplomacy responded to growing pressure on Sunda’s coastal trade.
Carita Parahyangan: A late-medieval Sundanese chronicle recounting rulers and events in western Java. It supplies a native account of Sunda’s royal lineage and political memory.
Sunda Inscription: A tenth-century stone inscription from western Java that records a grant by King Jayabhupati. It provides early direct evidence for a Sunda ruler and kingdom.
Sunda Kelapa: A historic port at the mouth of the Ciliwung River, now part of Jakarta. The port gave the kingdom access to maritime trade and foreign contacts.

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