Sustainable aviation fuel

Sustainable aviation fuel is aviation fuel made from non-petroleum sources that meets defined sustainability and performance criteria. Most current forms are blended with conventional jet fuel for use in existing aircraft.

Hydroprocessed Esters and Fatty Acids: A process that converts fats, oils, and greases into hydrocarbon fuels through hydrogen treatment and refining. HEFA is the most established commercial route for producing sustainable aviation fuel.
Jet fuel: A kerosene-based fuel used in turbine-powered aircraft. Sustainable aviation fuel is formulated to serve as a substitute for conventional jet fuel.
Conventional aviation fuel: Petroleum-derived kerosene fuel used by most turbine-powered aircraft. It is the incumbent fuel that sustainable alternatives are designed to supplement or displace.
Indirect land-use change: Land conversion caused indirectly when demand for a crop or resource displaces other production. Feedstock demand can shift agriculture elsewhere and erode claimed climate benefits.
Fischer–Tropsch synthesis: A catalytic process that converts synthesis gas into liquid hydrocarbons. It can turn biomass or waste-derived gas into jet-range hydrocarbons.
CORSIA: The International Civil Aviation Organization's scheme for offsetting and reducing aviation carbon emissions. CORSIA sets eligibility and lifecycle-emissions rules for fuels counted toward its climate goals.
Hydrogen aircraft: Aircraft designed to use hydrogen as an energy carrier, either in combustion or fuel cells. Hydrogen propulsion is an alternative decarbonization pathway that requires different aircraft and infrastructure.
Food versus fuel debate: The debate over using crops for energy instead of food, feed, or other purposes. Crop-based fuel pathways may compete with food systems and land resources.
Alcohol-to-jet fuel: A process that converts alcohols such as ethanol into hydrocarbon fuels suitable for aviation. It offers a route from fermented sugars or other alcohol feedstocks to jet fuel.
Lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions: Greenhouse gas emissions counted across a product's or activity's full supply chain and use. Fuel benefits are assessed across production, transport, combustion, and feedstock effects.

Linked from 12 pages