Sydney

Sydney is the capital of New South Wales and Australia’s largest city, built around Port Jackson. Its harbor, urban districts, and global migration have shaped its growth.

Port Jackson: Port Jackson is the natural harbor on which Sydney was founded and around which the city developed. Its sheltered waterways shaped Sydney’s settlement, port, and waterfront districts.
First Fleet: The First Fleet was the group of British ships that established a penal colony in New South Wales in 1788. Its arrival at Sydney Cove began permanent British settlement in the city.
Government of New South Wales: The Government of New South Wales administers the Australian state from institutions based largely in Sydney. Sydney serves as the state’s political and administrative centre.
Melbourne: Melbourne is the capital of Victoria and Australia’s second-largest city, known for its cultural institutions and urban grid. Its rivalry with Sydney centers on population, culture, sport, and national prominence.
Urban sprawl: Urban sprawl is the outward, low-density expansion of a city into surrounding land. Sydney’s growth has extended development across a broad metropolitan area.
Sydney Harbour Bridge: The Sydney Harbour Bridge is a steel arch bridge crossing Port Jackson between the city centre and the North Shore. The bridge connects districts divided by the harbor and defines the city’s skyline.
Arthur Phillip: Arthur Phillip was a British naval officer who became the first governor of New South Wales. He selected Sydney Cove for the colony and directed its early settlement.
Australian Securities Exchange: The Australian Securities Exchange is Australia’s principal securities market, headquartered in Sydney. Its presence reflects the city’s role in national finance and business.
Canberra: Canberra is Australia’s national capital and the seat of the federal government. It distinguishes national political authority from Sydney’s state-capital role.
Sydney housing affordability crisis: The Sydney housing affordability crisis is the difficulty many residents face buying or renting housing at prevailing prices. Strong demand and constrained supply have made housing costs a defining urban issue.

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