Syriac Orthodox Church

The Syriac Orthodox Church is an Oriental Orthodox Christian church rooted in Syriac-speaking communities of the Middle East, with its historic center at the Monastery of Saint Ananias near Mardin.

Syriac language: A dialect of Middle Aramaic that became a major literary and liturgical language of Christianity. It is the church’s historic language of worship, scripture, and theological writing.
Church of Antioch: An ancient Christian church centered on Antioch, influential in the development of Syriac Christianity. The Syriac Orthodox hierarchy traces its apostolic succession to Antioch.
Holy Qurbana: The Syriac Christian celebration of the Eucharist, also called the Divine Liturgy. It is the church’s central act of communal worship.
Eastern Orthodox Church: A communion of churches that accepts the Council of Chalcedon and shares Byzantine liturgical traditions. It shares ancient roots with the Syriac Orthodox Church but accepts Chalcedon’s Christological definition.
West Syriac Rite: A Christian liturgical tradition shaped by Syriac prayer, hymnody, and Eucharistic worship. Its prayers and chants form the church’s characteristic liturgical life.
Council of Chalcedon: The ecumenical council held in 451 that defined Christ as acknowledged in two natures. Its definition became the central point of division between Chalcedonian and non-Chalcedonian Christians.
Syriac chant: A vocal tradition of liturgical music using Syriac texts and distinctive modes. Chant carries scripture and prayer through the church’s worship and oral tradition.
Assyrian Church of the East: An East Syriac Christian church with a distinct history, liturgy, and ecclesiastical tradition. It is often confused with Syriac Orthodox communities but belongs to a different Syriac tradition.
Oriental Orthodoxy: A communion of churches that rejected the Council of Chalcedon’s definition of Christ in 451. The Syriac Orthodox Church belongs to this communion of churches.
Severus of Antioch: A sixth-century patriarch and theologian who defended non-Chalcedonian Christology. His theology shaped the church’s doctrinal identity after Chalcedon.

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