Tamil Nadu politics

Tamil Nadu politics encompasses the state's institutions, parties, elections, and movements. Since 1967, Dravidian parties have dominated its governments and reshaped its public life.

C. N. Annadurai: An Indian politician who founded the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam and became Tamil Nadu's chief minister in 1967. He led the DMK to power, ending Congress rule in the state.
Justice Party: A political organization founded in Madras in 1916 to represent non-Brahmin interests in government and public life. It established an early electoral vehicle for non-Brahmin politics in the region.
Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam: An Indian political party founded in 1949 that has governed Tamil Nadu and advocates social justice and state autonomy. The DMK is one of the two major parties organizing the state's Dravidian competition.
Two-language formula: An education policy used in Tamil Nadu that emphasizes Tamil and English rather than requiring a third language. It reflects the linguistic settlement shaped by opposition to compulsory Hindi.
Indian National Congress: A major Indian political party that led the independence movement and governed India for much of its early post-independence period. Congress once dominated the state, but lost power to a Dravidian party in 1967.
M. Karunanidhi: An Indian politician, screenwriter, and longtime president of the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam. His decades of party leadership shaped the DMK's governments and political style.
Self-Respect Movement: A social reform movement launched by Periyar in 1925 to challenge caste hierarchy, patriarchy, and religious orthodoxy. Its social program became a foundation for later Dravidian political mobilization.
All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam: An Indian political party founded by M. G. Ramachandran in 1972 that has repeatedly governed Tamil Nadu. The AIADMK is the DMK's principal rival in state elections.
Reservation in India: A system of affirmative-action quotas in Indian education, public employment, and elected bodies for designated groups. Tamil Nadu politics has sustained unusually extensive reservations for socially disadvantaged communities.
Bharatiya Janata Party: An Indian political party that promotes Hindu nationalism and has led the national government for multiple terms. Its national prominence contrasts with its historically limited role in Tamil Nadu state government.

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