Tarpon

Tarpon are large, silvery coastal fishes in the genus Megalops, notable for oversized scales and an air-bladder adaptation that lets them gulp air at the surface.

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Megalops: A genus of large, silvery fishes containing the Atlantic tarpon and Indo-Pacific tarpon. Tarpon belong to this genus, whose two species range across warm coastal waters.
Air breathing in fish: The use of atmospheric oxygen by fishes through specialized organs or modified respiratory structures. Tarpon supplement gill respiration by gulping air at the surface.
Tarpon fishing: Recreational angling directed at tarpon, prized for their size and energetic leaps. Their strength and surface jumps make tarpon a celebrated sport fish.
Ladyfish: A slender, silvery coastal fish in the tarpon family, Elopidae. Ladyfish resemble tarpon but are generally more slender and lack the tarpon's oversized scales.
Osteoglossiformes: An order of ray-finned fishes that includes bonytongues, arapaimas, and tarpons. This order places tarpons among ancient lineages of ray-finned fishes.
Aquatic surface respiration: A behavior in which aquatic animals obtain oxygen from the oxygen-rich layer at the water surface. Tarpon surface visits can bring them into contact with air as well as oxygenated surface water.
Catch and release: A fishing practice in which captured fish are returned to the water rather than kept. Many tarpon fisheries depend on releasing fish, though handling can still affect survival.
Bonefish: A silvery, shallow-water fish in the family Albulidae, popular in tropical saltwater angling. Bonefish share coastal habitats and a silvery appearance but belong to a different fish family.
Physostome: A fish whose swim bladder connects to the digestive tract through a pneumatic duct. Tarpons retain this connection, enabling them to gulp air into the swim bladder.
Buoyancy: The upward force exerted by a fluid on an immersed object. Gas in the tarpon's swim bladder helps maintain buoyancy while it moves through the water.