Tây Sơn dynasty

A Vietnamese dynasty established by the Tây Sơn movement that ruled from 1778 to 1802, ending Lê rule and challenging both Siamese and Qing intervention.

Tây Sơn rebellion: An uprising begun in 1771 by three brothers in Bình Định that toppled the Nguyễn and Trịnh regimes. The rebellion created the movement from which the dynasty emerged.
Nguyễn lords: A line of rulers who governed southern Vietnam from the sixteenth century until the Tây Sơn uprising. Their overthrow opened the south to Tây Sơn rule.
Tây Sơn: A Vietnamese political and military movement founded by the Tây Sơn brothers in the late eighteenth century. The dynasty was the movement's short-lived governing form.
Nguyễn dynasty: The Vietnamese imperial dynasty founded by Gia Long in 1802 and ended by the abdication of Bảo Đại in 1945. It replaced the Tây Sơn and reunified the country under a lasting imperial house.
Battle of Rạch Gầm–Xoài Mút: A 1785 Vietnamese victory over a Siamese invasion force on the Mekong River. This decisive victory secured Tây Sơn control in the south.
Trịnh lords: A hereditary ruling house that governed northern Vietnam in the name of the Lê emperors. The Tây Sơn ended their political dominance while formally restoring the Lê throne.
Nguyễn Nhạc: The eldest Tây Sơn brother, who proclaimed himself emperor in 1778 and ruled from Quy Nhơn. He established the dynasty before his brothers expanded its territory.
Vietnamese reunification: The consolidation of Vietnam's historically divided regions under a single governing authority. The Tây Sơn briefly reunited territories long divided between rival ruling houses.
Battle of Ngọc Hồi–Đống Đa: A 1789 campaign in which Nguyễn Huệ's forces defeated Qing troops occupying northern Vietnam. The victory repelled Qing intervention and strengthened the dynasty's claim to rule.
Later Lê dynasty: The Vietnamese dynasty that ruled nominally from 1428 to 1789, often under powerful regents. Tây Sơn authority displaced the Lê court after its conquest of the north.

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