The Liberator

The Liberator was an antislavery newspaper published in Boston by William Lloyd Garrison from 1831 to 1865. It advocated immediate emancipation and helped shape the abolitionist movement.

William Lloyd Garrison: William Lloyd Garrison was an American abolitionist, journalist, and editor of The Liberator. He founded the paper in 1831 and edited it throughout its publication.
Moral suasion: Moral suasion is the strategy of changing conduct through ethical argument and appeals to conscience. Garrison used moral appeals to persuade Americans to reject slavery without waiting for gradual reform.
Frederick Douglass: Frederick Douglass was an formerly enslaved abolitionist, orator, and writer who published The North Star. His partnership and later disagreements with Garrison reveal divisions within abolitionism.
The North Star: The North Star was an antislavery newspaper founded by Frederick Douglass in Rochester, New York, in 1847. Its Black-led editorial independence differed from Garrison’s control of The Liberator.
Gag rule: The gag rule was a series of congressional rules that blocked discussion of antislavery petitions from 1836 to 1844. The newspaper reported on resistance to congressional suppression of antislavery debate.
New England Anti-Slavery Society: The New England Anti-Slavery Society was an abolitionist organization founded in Boston in 1832. Garrison and fellow reformers built the society around ideas promoted in The Liberator.
Immediate emancipation: Immediate emancipation is the demand to end slavery without gradual transition or compensation to enslavers. The newspaper made this demand its defining political position.
Maria W. Stewart: Maria W. Stewart was a Black American writer, lecturer, and abolitionist active in Boston. The Liberator published her work, bringing her early antislavery and racial-justice arguments into print.
American and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society: The American and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society was an abolitionist organization formed in 1840 after a split in the national society. Its formation reflected opposition to Garrisonian influence and disputes over women’s participation.
Amistad case: The Amistad case was an 1841 U.S. Supreme Court decision ordering the freedom of Africans who had rebelled aboard the ship Amistad. Coverage of the case connected abolitionist print advocacy to a widely publicized legal struggle.

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