Thermoproteati

Thermoproteati, also called Thermoproteota, is a major archaeal lineage that includes many heat-loving organisms. Its members occupy diverse environments and metabolic niches.

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Archaea: Archaea are a domain of single-celled organisms distinct from bacteria and eukaryotes, with distinctive membranes and information-processing machinery. Thermoproteati is one major lineage within this domain.
Thermophily: Thermophily is the ability of an organism to grow optimally at high temperatures. Many Thermoproteati species are thermophiles, though the lineage is not defined solely by heat tolerance.
Sulfolobus acidocaldarius: Sulfolobus acidocaldarius is a thermoacidophilic archaeon that grows in hot, acidic environments. It is a well-studied Thermoproteati model for archaeal cell biology.
Metagenomics: Metagenomics is the study of genetic material recovered directly from environmental samples. It detects Thermoproteati lineages that have not been grown in laboratory culture.
Archaeal cell envelope: The archaeal cell envelope comprises the structures outside the cytoplasm, commonly including a protein surface layer and a membrane. Its varied forms help Thermoproteati species withstand their environments.
Hyperthermophile: A hyperthermophile is an organism with an optimal growth temperature of at least 80 °C. Some members of this lineage grow at temperatures in this range.
Sulfolobus solfataricus: Sulfolobus solfataricus is a thermoacidophilic archaeon isolated from a volcanic hot spring. Its enzymes and molecular biology have made it a prominent experimental representative of the lineage.
Archaeal taxonomy: Archaeal taxonomy is the naming and classification of archaeal organisms and evolutionary groups. Names and ranks for this lineage vary among classification systems.
Archaeal membrane: An archaeal membrane is a cell membrane built from ether-linked lipids, often with branched isoprenoid chains. These distinctive lipids occur across Thermoproteati and can support growth under extreme conditions.
Sulfur metabolism: Sulfur metabolism comprises biological reactions that use or transform sulfur compounds for energy or biosynthesis. Several Thermoproteati use sulfur compounds in energy metabolism.