Third Anglo-Mysore War

The 1790–1792 war pitted the Kingdom of Mysore under Tipu Sultan against a British-led coalition of the Maratha Empire and the Nizam of Hyderabad. It ended with the Treaty of Seringapatam and Mysore’s cession of territory and payment of an indemnity.

Siege of Seringapatam (1792): The coalition’s siege of Tipu Sultan’s capital in February 1792, which brought the war to a close. The siege compelled Tipu to negotiate the treaty that ended the war.
Tipu Sultan: The ruler of Mysore from 1782 to 1799, who led the kingdom against the British and their allies. Tipu’s policies and military resistance shaped the war’s immediate stakes.
Fourth Anglo-Mysore War: The 1799 war in which the British-led coalition defeated Mysore and killed Tipu Sultan. The 1792 settlement set conditions that shaped the final conflict with Tipu.
Carnatic Wars: A series of eighteenth-century conflicts in southern India involving European powers and Indian states. Unlike the Carnatic Wars, this conflict centered on Mysore’s resistance to a British-led coalition.
Treaty of Seringapatam: The 1792 treaty that ended the Third Anglo-Mysore War through territorial cessions, an indemnity, and hostages. Its terms made the coalition’s military victory costly and tangible for Mysore.
Kingdom of Mysore: A South Indian kingdom that became a major military power under Haidar Ali and Tipu Sultan. Mysore was the state whose sovereignty and territory the coalition sought to constrain.
British East India Company: An English trading corporation that acquired territorial power and governed large parts of India. The Company emerged from the war with increased territory and leverage over Mysore.
Battle of Plassey: A 1757 battle in Bengal that established the East India Company’s political ascendancy there. Plassey marked an early Company victory in eastern India, unlike the coalition campaign against Mysore.
Lord Cornwallis: British governor-general in India from 1786 to 1793, who led the coalition campaign against Tipu Sultan. Cornwallis directed British operations and coordinated the coalition’s advance.
Haidar Ali: The military ruler of Mysore from 1761 to 1782 and Tipu Sultan’s father. His earlier wars with the Company left a legacy of rivalry that continued under Tipu.

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