Thrust reversal

Thrust reversal redirects or redirects the effect of engine exhaust to produce force opposite an aircraft’s normal thrust. It helps slow aircraft, especially during landing rolls.

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Cascade thrust reverser: A turbofan reverser that redirects bypass airflow through cascades of turning vanes. Translating sleeves expose cascades that turn bypass air forward.
Landing roll: The portion of a landing in which an aircraft decelerates along the runway. Reverse thrust contributes to deceleration after the wheels touch down.
Spoiler (aeronautics): A movable wing surface that disrupts airflow to reduce lift and increase drag. Spoilers increase drag and reduce lift rather than redirecting engine thrust.
Rejected takeoff: An aborted takeoff in which an aircraft decelerates before becoming airborne. Reversers can help slow an aircraft after a high-speed takeoff is rejected.
Clamshell thrust reverser: A reverser that deploys paired doors into the exhaust stream to deflect it forward. Its doors redirect jet exhaust rather than the larger bypass stream.
Aircraft braking: The systems and techniques used to reduce an aircraft’s speed on the ground. Thrust reversal supplements wheel brakes during ground deceleration.
Wheel brake: A device that slows a rotating wheel by applying friction to it. Wheel brakes act at the tires, while reversers oppose motion through engine airflow.
Reverse thrust deployment: The extension and activation of an aircraft engine’s thrust-reversing mechanism. Deployment timing and operating limits shape the safety and usefulness of reversal.
Target-type thrust reverser: A reverser that places bucket-shaped doors behind a jet nozzle to deflect exhaust forward. The bucket doors create reverse thrust by turning the exhaust stream.
Wet runway: A runway surface covered by water that can reduce tire friction and increase stopping distance. Reversers can provide additional deceleration when runway friction is limited.