Thymidine

Thymidine is a pyrimidine nucleoside consisting of thymine linked to deoxyribose. Its phosphorylated forms are building blocks used to synthesize DNA.

Thymine: Thymine is a pyrimidine nucleobase found in DNA, where it pairs with adenine. Thymine is the base attached to deoxyribose in thymidine.
Thymidine kinase: Thymidine kinase is an enzyme that phosphorylates thymidine to form thymidine monophosphate. It initiates thymidine salvage by adding thymidine’s first phosphate.
Thymidine analog: A thymidine analog is a compound that resembles thymidine and can interfere with or report on DNA synthesis. These compounds exploit thymidine’s recognition by DNA-synthesis pathways.
Uridine: Uridine is a nucleoside consisting of uracil linked to ribose. It has uracil and ribose where thymidine has thymine and deoxyribose.
2-Deoxyribose: 2-Deoxyribose is a five-carbon sugar in DNA, lacking an oxygen atom found in ribose. This sugar forms thymidine’s nucleoside backbone.
Thymidine monophosphate: Thymidine monophosphate is a nucleotide consisting of thymine, deoxyribose, and one phosphate group. It is the first phosphorylated product made from thymidine.
5-Bromo-2′-deoxyuridine: 5-Bromo-2′-deoxyuridine is a thymidine analog incorporated into DNA during replication. It substitutes for thymidine to label newly synthesized DNA.
Deoxyuridine: Deoxyuridine is a nucleoside consisting of uracil linked to deoxyribose. It shares thymidine’s sugar but carries uracil instead of thymine.
Nucleoside: A nucleoside consists of a nitrogenous base linked to a sugar, without phosphate groups. Thymidine is one specific nucleoside.
Thymidine diphosphate: Thymidine diphosphate is a nucleotide containing thymine, deoxyribose, and two phosphate groups. It is an intermediate on the route from thymidine to DNA-ready triphosphate.

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