Till

Till is unsorted sediment deposited directly by glacier ice, ranging from clay-sized particles to large boulders. Its composition and structure record the movement and melting of ice.

Glacier: A persistent body of ice formed from accumulated snow that moves under its own weight. Moving glacier ice transports and deposits the sediment that becomes till.
Subglacial till: Till deposited beneath a glacier by ice moving over its bed. This common form develops through deposition, deformation, and mixing at the glacier bed.
Drift prospecting: Mineral exploration that traces indicator minerals through glacial sediment toward their bedrock source. Till can carry distinctive minerals far from the rocks that released them.
Outwash: Sediment deposited by meltwater streams flowing away from a glacier. Unlike till, outwash is commonly sorted and layered by flowing water.
Glacial sediment: Sediment transported or deposited by glaciers and meltwater. Till is the unsorted, ice-deposited part of this broader sediment family.
Supraglacial till: Till deposited from debris carried on the surface of a glacier. Surface debris is released as the ice melts, often creating irregular deposits.
Glacial erratic: A large rock transported from its source by glacier ice and deposited elsewhere. Erratics within till help identify the distance and direction of ice transport.
Glaciolacustrine sediment: Sediment deposited in a lake formed or affected by glacial ice. Lake water can sort fine particles into layers, unlike direct ice deposition.
Sediment grain size: A classification of sediment particles by their diameter, from clay to boulders. Till contains a wide range of grain sizes rather than a single sorted fraction.
Lodgement till: Till pressed onto a glacier bed as moving ice loses its grip on debris. It forms when basal ice deposits and compacts sediment against the substrate.

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