Knowra Topical corticosteroid Topical corticosteroid A medicine applied to the skin that activates corticosteroid receptors to reduce inflammation and immune activity. Its effects and risks depend on potency, formulation, body site, and duration of use.
Glucocorticoid receptor : An intracellular receptor that binds glucocorticoids and alters gene expression. Topical corticosteroids act through this receptor to change inflammatory signaling in skin cells.
Atopic dermatitis : A chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by itchy, relapsing eczema and a compromised skin barrier. Topical corticosteroids are commonly used to control its inflammatory flares.
Skin atrophy : Thinning and structural weakening of the skin, which can result from prolonged or potent topical corticosteroid use. This is a characteristic local adverse effect, especially with excessive exposure.
Topical dosage form : A medicine formulation designed for application to a body surface, such as a cream, ointment, gel, or lotion. The vehicle affects spread, hydration, acceptability, and drug delivery through skin.
Systemic corticosteroid : A corticosteroid medicine delivered throughout the body, commonly by mouth or injection. Unlike skin-applied treatment, systemic therapy exposes multiple organs and is used for broader disease.
Cytokine : A signaling protein that regulates immune and inflammatory responses. Corticosteroid signaling reduces production of several cytokines that sustain skin inflammation.
Psoriasis : A chronic immune-mediated disease that causes sharply demarcated, scaly skin plaques. Topical corticosteroids can reduce inflammation in localized plaque psoriasis.
Striae distensae : Linear bands of dermal scarring that develop when skin is stretched or weakened. Potent corticosteroids used for long periods can contribute to these lasting marks.
Ointment : A semisolid, often greasy preparation intended for application to skin or mucous membranes. Its occlusive properties can increase hydration and corticosteroid penetration.
Topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug : A skin-applied medicine that reduces inflammation without using a corticosteroid as its active drug. It offers a different pharmacologic approach when steroid exposure is undesirable.
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