Torah reading

Torah reading is the public chanting of passages from the Torah during Jewish worship. In many communities, readings follow an annual cycle divided into weekly portions.

Parashah: A section of the Torah designated for public reading, especially a weekly portion. Each weekly Torah reading centers on a designated parashah.
Ezra: A Jewish priest and scribe associated with the restoration of Jewish life in Jerusalem during the Persian period. The biblical account links Ezra with a public reading of the Torah in Jerusalem.
Shabbat: The Jewish day of rest, observed from Friday sunset to Saturday nightfall. The weekly Torah portion is publicly read during Shabbat services.
Annual Torah-reading cycle: The schedule that completes the public reading of the Torah over one year. It is the cycle followed by many Jewish communities.
Triennial cycle: A schedule that divides the Torah reading across three years rather than one. It offers an alternative to completing the Torah in a single annual cycle.
Nehemiah 8: A biblical chapter describing Ezra's public reading and explanation of the Torah to the assembled people. It is a foundational narrative of communal Torah reading.
Torah reading on festivals: The prescribed public Torah readings for Jewish festivals and their intermediate days. Festival readings supplement or replace the regular weekly portion.
Triennial Torah-reading cycle: A schedule that completes the public reading of the Torah over three years. It divides the text differently from the annual cycle described here.
Maftir: The concluding Torah reading portion, traditionally followed by the haftarah. It marks the transition from the Torah reading to the prophetic reading.
Mishnah Megillah: A section of the Mishnah that discusses the public reading of the Book of Esther and other synagogue practices. It records rabbinic rules governing when and how public readings take place.

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