Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic

The Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic was a short-lived state formed in 1918 from Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia. It dissolved after disagreements over war, territory, and relations with the Ottoman Empire.

Russian Revolution: The upheavals of 1917 that ended the Russian Empire and brought the Bolsheviks to power. The empire’s collapse left Transcaucasia under new, contested political authorities.
Tbilisi: The capital of Georgia, historically known as Tiflis. The federation’s assembly and government operated from this city.
First Republic of Armenia: The independent Armenian state that existed from 1918 to 1920. It inherited Armenian political authority when the federation broke apart.
Russian Empire: A multiethnic empire ruled by the Romanov dynasty until the revolutions of 1917. The federation replaced imperial authority across the South Caucasus.
Transcaucasian Commissariat: A regional government established in Tbilisi in 1917 after the Russian Provisional Government lost authority in the Caucasus. Its leaders convened the assembly that preceded the federation.
Akaki Chkhenkeli: A Georgian Menshevik politician who served as head of government of the Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic. He led the federation’s executive during its decisive negotiations.
Azerbaijan Democratic Republic: An independent Azerbaijani state established in 1918 and incorporated into Soviet Azerbaijan in 1920. It emerged as a successor state after the federation’s dissolution.
Ottoman Empire: A state centered in Anatolia that lasted from the late thirteenth century until its abolition in 1922. Its military advances and demands confronted the federation’s leaders.
Transcaucasian Seim: A representative assembly formed in 1918 by delegates from the South Caucasus after the Russian Constituent Assembly was dissolved. The Seim declared independence and established the federation.
National Council of Georgia: A Georgian political body that proclaimed Georgia’s independence in May 1918. Its declaration marked Georgia’s departure from the federation.

Linked from 8 pages