Treaty of Meerssen

The 870 agreement by which Charles the Bald and Louis the German divided much of Lotharingia between West Francia and East Francia.

Lothair II: King of Lotharingia from 855 until his death in 869, whose heirless kingdom became disputed. His death without a legitimate son created the succession crisis settled at Meerssen.
Charles the Bald: King of West Francia from 843 and emperor from 875 until his death in 877. He gained the western portion of Lotharingia in the agreement.
Lotharingia: The kingdom created from the northern portion of Middle Francia, extending between the North Sea and Italy. It was the territory divided between the two Frankish kingdoms.
Treaty of Ribemont (880): The 880 settlement that transferred most of Lotharingia to the East Frankish kingdom. It consolidated East Frankish control over territory divided at Meerssen.
Treaty of Prüm (855): The agreement that divided Lothair I’s Middle Francia among his sons in 855. It established Lotharingia as a kingdom inherited by Lothair II.
Louis the German: King of East Francia from 843 until his death in 876. He secured the eastern portion of Lotharingia at Meerssen.
East Francia: The eastern Frankish kingdom that developed into the medieval Kingdom of Germany. It received the eastern share under the treaty.
Louis the Younger: East Frankish king from 876 to 882 and son of Louis the German. He expanded East Frankish control over Lotharingia after his father’s death.
Treaty of Verdun: The 843 agreement dividing the Carolingian Empire among the surviving sons of Louis the Pious. Its partition created the East and West Frankish kingdoms that later divided Lotharingia.
Louis II of Italy: Carolingian emperor from 855 to 875 who ruled Italy and claimed authority over the empire. His imperial position and claim to Lothair II’s inheritance complicated the brothers’ settlement.

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