Tricuspid atresia

Tricuspid atresia is a congenital heart defect in which the tricuspid valve is absent or imperforate, blocking blood flow from the right atrium to the right ventricle. Survival depends on alternate pathways that let blood reach the lungs and systemic circulation.

Atrial septal defect: An opening in the wall between the heart’s two atria. Blood must cross this opening to leave the right atrium when the tricuspid valve is blocked.
Tricuspid valve: The valve that normally permits blood flow from the right atrium into the right ventricle. Its absent or closed opening defines the defect.
Echocardiography: Ultrasound imaging that displays the heart’s structures and blood flow. It identifies the absent valve, associated openings, and ventricular anatomy.
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome: A congenital defect in which the left-sided heart structures are severely underdeveloped. It also requires staged single-ventricle palliation, but the underdeveloped side and flow obstruction differ.
Ventricular septal defect: An opening in the wall separating the heart’s two ventricles. It often provides a route from the left ventricle toward the underdeveloped right ventricle and pulmonary artery.
Right ventricle: The heart chamber that normally pumps blood through the pulmonary artery to the lungs. It is often small because normal inflow from the right atrium is blocked.
Pulse oximetry: A noninvasive measurement of blood oxygen saturation using light through tissue. It can detect the low oxygen levels common in affected newborns.
Pulmonary atresia: A congenital defect in which the pulmonary valve fails to open, obstructing blood flow from the right ventricle to the lungs. It blocks a different outlet; tricuspid atresia blocks inflow to the right ventricle.
Patent ductus arteriosus: A persistent fetal blood vessel connecting the pulmonary artery to the aorta. When pulmonary blood flow is restricted, this vessel can provide an alternate route to the lungs.
Pulmonary circulation: The pathway that carries blood from the heart to the lungs and back for oxygenation. The defect disrupts the usual route by which blood reaches this circuit.

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Tetralogy of FallotCompared with: It is another cyanotic defect, but its defining obstruction is at the tricuspid valve.