Knowra Tropane alkaloid Tropane alkaloid Tropane alkaloids are nitrogen-containing natural products built around a tropane ring system. Plants produce them as specialized metabolites, and many interact with nervous-system receptors or transporters.
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor : A G-protein-coupled receptor activated by acetylcholine and blocked by drugs such as atropine. Atropine and scopolamine produce many effects by blocking this receptor family.
Tropane : A bicyclic nitrogen-containing chemical structure that forms the core of tropane alkaloids. This distinctive scaffold gives the class its name and shared structural features.
Solanaceae : A flowering-plant family that includes potatoes, tomatoes, tobacco, and several tropane-producing genera. Many familiar tropane alkaloids occur in nightshades such as Atropa, Datura, and Hyoscyamus.
Antimuscarinic : A substance that blocks signaling through muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. This pharmacological action underlies the clinical effects of atropine, scopolamine, and related tropanes.
Pyridine alkaloid : An alkaloid containing a pyridine ring, a six-membered aromatic ring with one nitrogen atom. Nicotine is a familiar pyridine alkaloid, unlike tropanes built around a saturated bicyclic ring.
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor : A ligand-gated ion channel activated by acetylcholine and nicotine. Some tropane compounds, including cocaine, also interact with nicotinic receptors.
Alkaloid : A naturally occurring nitrogen-containing organic compound, often with strong physiological effects. Tropane alkaloids belong to this broad family of plant and microbial natural products.
Atropa belladonna : A poisonous nightshade whose leaves and berries contain tropane alkaloids, especially hyoscyamine. Its name and historical use are closely associated with atropine-like plant chemistry.
Mydriasis : Dilation of the pupil caused by contraction of the iris dilator or relaxation of its sphincter. Topical atropine and related drugs produce prolonged pupil dilation by blocking muscarinic receptors.
Piperidine alkaloid : An alkaloid containing a saturated six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom. Piperidine alkaloids share nitrogenous-ring chemistry but lack the characteristic tropane bicyclic scaffold.
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