Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands

A United Nations strategic trust territory administered by the United States from 1947 until its constituent islands became independent or entered political union with the United States.

Japanese Mandate for the South Pacific: A League of Nations mandate under which Japan governed former German islands north of the equator after World War I. The territory largely comprised islands Japan had administered under this earlier mandate.
Strategic trust territory: A trust territory deemed strategically important and placed under United Nations Security Council authority. This designation gave the United States distinctive defense powers and obligations.
Republic of the Marshall Islands: A sovereign island country in the central Pacific, in free association with the United States. It became a self-governing state under a Compact of Free Association.
Bikini Atoll: An atoll in the Marshall Islands used by the United States for nuclear weapons testing. Its inhabitants were relocated before the first postwar U.S. nuclear test.
Pacific War: The 1941–1945 conflict in the Pacific theater of World War II. U.S. military conquest of Japanese-held islands preceded their postwar trusteeship.
United Nations Security Council: The United Nations organ responsible for international peace and security. It approved the trusteeship and held supervisory authority over its strategic status.
Federated States of Micronesia: A sovereign federation of four states in the western Pacific, in free association with the United States. It emerged from the territory’s eastern districts as a compact state.
Enewetak Atoll: A Marshall Islands atoll where the United States conducted nuclear weapons tests from 1948 to 1958. Its nuclear test history became a lasting consequence of U.S. administration.
United Nations trusteeship system: A United Nations framework for supervising territories placed under international trusteeship. The Pacific territory was the system’s sole strategic trust territory.
United States Department of the Interior: A U.S. federal executive department overseeing domestic affairs and certain island territories. It assumed civil administration of the islands from the Navy in 1951.

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