Typha

Typha is a genus of emergent wetland plants with long, strap-shaped leaves and dense, cylindrical flowering spikes. Its species are commonly called cattails or bulrushes.

Typhaceae: Typhaceae is a family of monocot flowering plants that includes Typha and Sparganium. This family contains Typha and places the genus among close botanical relatives.
Phytoremediation: Phytoremediation uses plants and their associated microbes to remove, contain, or transform pollutants. Typha is planted in some treatment wetlands to help remove nutrients and contaminants.
Typha latifolia: Typha latifolia is a widespread cattail species with broad leaves and a dense, dark-brown female spike. It is a familiar, broadly distributed species often used to illustrate the genus.
Wetland succession: Wetland succession is the change in wetland communities over time as conditions and species composition shift. Expanding Typha stands can alter vegetation patterns and contribute to shifts in wetland communities.
Inflorescence: An inflorescence is a plant's arrangement of flowers on a stem or branch. Typha's conspicuous spike is an inflorescence composed of densely packed flowers.
Constructed wetland: A constructed wetland is an engineered system that uses wetland processes to treat water or wastewater. Typha can be grown in these systems as emergent vegetation supporting treatment processes.
Typha angustifolia: Typha angustifolia is a cattail species with narrow leaves and a gap between male and female spikes. Its narrower leaves and separated flowering zones help distinguish it from T. latifolia.
Ecosystem engineer: An ecosystem engineer is an organism that changes habitat structure and resource availability for other species. Dense Typha stems and rhizomes modify habitat structure and conditions for wetland organisms.
Monoecy: Monoecy is a sexual system in which one plant bears separate male and female flowers. A Typha spike bears male flowers above female flowers on the same stem.
Invasive species: An invasive species is a non-native organism that spreads and causes ecological or economic harm. Some Typha species and hybrids expand aggressively in wetlands outside their native ranges.

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AcorusCompared with: Its wetlands and upright leaves resemble Acorus habitats, but its flowers form a distinct dense spike.