United Armenia

United Armenia is a nationalist ideal of joining Armenian-populated territories—including areas in present-day Armenia, Artsakh, and eastern Turkey—within one Armenian state.

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Armenian national awakening: A nineteenth-century movement that fostered modern Armenian national consciousness through cultural, educational, and political activity. It supplied the modern national identity behind calls to unite Armenian-populated lands.
Woodrow Wilson: The 28th president of the United States, whose 1920 arbitral award proposed a boundary for Armenia and Turkey. His boundary award became associated with a possible enlarged Armenian state.
Armenian Highlands: A mountainous region of western Asia associated with ancient and modern Armenian history. The ideal’s broad historical geography is often framed through this region.
Armenian irredentism: A political movement seeking to incorporate territories regarded as historically or nationally Armenian into an Armenian state. United Armenia is a prominent expression of this wider political tendency.
Nagorno-Karabakh conflict: A conflict between Armenians and Azerbaijanis over Nagorno-Karabakh and surrounding territories. It made Armenian territorial questions a central issue of post-Soviet conflict.
Armenian Question: The diplomatic and political issues surrounding Armenian rights, security, and autonomy in the Ottoman Empire and its aftermath. Great-power diplomacy made Armenian territorial claims an international issue.
Aram Manoukian: An Armenian revolutionary leader who helped establish the First Republic of Armenia in 1918. He helped build the republic that became the ideal’s state-centered foundation.
Armenia: A landlocked country in the South Caucasus whose modern borders encompass only part of the historical Armenian homeland. The existing republic is one of the territories imagined within a united state.
Nagorno-Karabakh Republic: A self-proclaimed republic established in 1991 in Nagorno-Karabakh, internationally recognized as part of Azerbaijan. Its independence project centered on one territory rather than uniting all claimed Armenian lands.
Armenia–Azerbaijan border crisis: Recurring military and political confrontations between Armenia and Azerbaijan over their international border. The crisis shows how territorial disputes continue to shape regional security.