Ur-Nammu

Ur-Nammu was a Sumerian king who founded the Third Dynasty of Ur and is associated with one of the earliest known law codes.

Third Dynasty of Ur: A Sumerian dynasty that ruled southern Mesopotamia from Ur around the end of the third millennium BCE. Ur-Nammu founded this dynasty and began its expansion.
Code of Ur-Nammu: A Sumerian law collection associated with Ur-Nammu and preserved in later copies. It is the legal text most directly associated with his kingship.
Shulgi: A king of the Third Dynasty of Ur who succeeded Ur-Nammu and ruled for nearly five decades. His long reign consolidated the state founded by Ur-Nammu.
Law code of Ur-Nammu tablet: A cuneiform tablet preserving part of the law collection associated with Ur-Nammu. Its surviving provisions reveal the code’s penalties and legal concerns.
Ur: An ancient Mesopotamian city in present-day southern Iraq, prominent in Sumerian and later history. Ur-Nammu made this city the seat of his dynasty.
Ziggurat of Ur: A monumental stepped temple platform at Ur, largely built during the Third Dynasty of Ur. Its construction reflects the state-building program begun under Ur-Nammu.
Code of Hammurabi: A Babylonian law collection commissioned by King Hammurabi in the eighteenth century BCE. It is a later, better-preserved law code often compared with Ur-Nammu’s.
Royal inscriptions of Ur-Nammu: Cuneiform inscriptions commemorating Ur-Nammu’s rule, military achievements, and building projects. They record how the king represented his accomplishments.
Akkadian Empire: An ancient Mesopotamian empire founded by Sargon of Akkad in the twenty-fourth century BCE. Its collapse preceded the political order Ur-Nammu established.
Sumerian language: The language of ancient Sumer, preserved in cuneiform texts after it ceased to be widely spoken. Royal and administrative records from his period used Sumerian.

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