Uto-Aztecan languages

Uto-Aztecan is a family of Indigenous languages spoken across western North America, from the western United States into Mexico. Its members include Nahuatl, Hopi, and Comanche.

Uto-Aztecan language family: A proposed family of languages linked by systematic similarities inherited from a common ancestor. This broader classification is often used for the family, though its outer boundaries remain debated.
Nahuatl: A Uto-Aztecan language spoken in Mexico, with a long literary history and many modern varieties. Nahuatl is among the family’s best-known southern languages and has extensive historical documentation.
Uto-Aztecan homeland: The hypothesized region where Proto-Uto-Aztecan was spoken before its descendants spread. Competing homeland proposals help explain the family’s broad north-to-south distribution.
Mayan languages: A family of Indigenous languages spoken mainly in southern Mexico and Central America. Mayan languages are geographically nearby in Mesoamerica but belong to a separate family.
Proto-Uto-Aztecan language: The reconstructed ancestral language from which Uto-Aztecan languages are thought to descend. Comparative reconstruction identifies shared vocabulary and sound patterns attributed to this ancestor.
Hopi language: A Uto-Aztecan language spoken by Hopi people in northeastern Arizona. Hopi is a prominent northern member, geographically distant from Nahuatl.
Mesoamerican languages: Languages spoken in Mesoamerica, a cultural region extending from central Mexico into Central America. Nahuatl connects the family to the linguistic history of Mesoamerica.
Oto-Manguean languages: A family of Indigenous languages concentrated in central and southern Mexico. Oto-Manguean provides a distinct family for comparison with Nahuatl and other Mexican languages.
Uto-Aztecan languages#Northern Uto-Aztecan: The northern branch of Uto-Aztecan, including languages such as Hopi, Shoshoni, and Comanche. Its languages form one major geographic and historical grouping within the family.
Comanche language: A Uto-Aztecan language historically spoken by the Comanche people across the southern Great Plains. Its spread onto the Plains illustrates the family’s reach beyond the Southwest.

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