Van der Waals force

Van der Waals forces are short-range attractions or repulsions between atoms or molecules arising from interactions among permanent or induced electric dipoles.

London dispersion force: An attraction caused by instantaneous fluctuations in electron distributions that induce correlated dipoles in nearby particles. It is the universal van der Waals attraction, including between nonpolar atoms and molecules.
Electric dipole moment: A vector measure of the separation of positive and negative charge in a system. Permanent and induced dipole moments are the basic electrical features behind these interactions.
Hydrogen bond: An attractive interaction involving hydrogen covalently bonded to an electronegative atom and another electron-rich site. Hydrogen bonds are more directional and often stronger than ordinary van der Waals interactions.
Surface tension: The energetic cost of increasing the surface area of a liquid. Van der Waals cohesion contributes to the attraction between molecules at liquid surfaces.
Johannes Diderik van der Waals: A Dutch physicist whose equation of state accounts for molecular volume and attraction in real gases. His work gave the family of intermolecular interactions its name.
Keesom interaction: An interaction between permanent electric dipoles whose thermal average is attractive. It describes the temperature-dependent attraction between molecules with permanent dipole moments.
Induced dipole: A temporary separation of charge created when an electric field distorts a particle's electron distribution. Nearby charges or fluctuating dipoles create the induced dipoles involved in van der Waals forces.
Ionic bond: An electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions in a compound or lattice. Unlike van der Waals forces, ionic bonding involves full charges rather than fluctuating or permanent dipoles.
Physisorption: The attachment of atoms or molecules to a surface through weak, noncovalent interactions. Van der Waals forces commonly bind adsorbates without forming chemical bonds.
Van der Waals equation: An equation of state that corrects the ideal gas law for particle size and intermolecular attraction. Its attraction correction reflects the influence of intermolecular forces on gas pressure.

Linked from 36 pages