Vasectomy

A surgical procedure that cuts or seals the vas deferens so sperm do not enter semen. It is intended as permanent contraception and does not stop testosterone production or ejaculation.

Vas deferens: A muscular tube that carries sperm from the epididymis toward the ejaculatory ducts. This is the tube cut or sealed during the procedure.
Contraception: Methods used to prevent pregnancy. Vasectomy is a highly effective, intended-to-be-permanent contraceptive method.
Post-vasectomy pain syndrome: Persistent or recurrent scrotal pain following vasectomy that can interfere with daily life. It is an uncommon but consequential long-term complication.
Condom: A barrier contraceptive worn over the penis that also reduces transmission of many sexually transmitted infections. Unlike vasectomy, condoms are reversible at each use and provide infection protection.
Sperm: The male reproductive cell that can fertilize an egg. Vasectomy prevents sperm from reaching the semen.
Post-vasectomy semen analysis: A laboratory test that checks semen for sperm after vasectomy. Follow-up testing confirms whether the procedure has achieved its contraceptive purpose.
Post-vasectomy granuloma: A small inflammatory lump formed when sperm leak into surrounding tissue after vasectomy. It can occur near the cut end of the vas deferens and is often harmless.
Intrauterine device: A small contraceptive device placed inside the uterus, available in hormonal and copper forms. It is a highly effective, long-acting alternative that does not require male surgery.
Semen: Fluid ejaculated from the reproductive tract, containing secretions and usually sperm. After vasectomy, ejaculation continues but semen usually contains no sperm.
Contraceptive failure: The occurrence of pregnancy despite use of a contraceptive method. Pregnancy remains possible until clearance is confirmed and is rarely possible afterward.

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