Venn diagram

A diagram of closed curves in which each curve represents a set and regions represent relationships such as intersection, union, and difference.

Set: A collection of distinct objects treated as a single mathematical object. Each curve represents a set of objects.
Euler diagram: A diagram of closed curves whose regions show relationships that hold among sets. Unlike a Venn diagram, it may omit regions representing impossible or empty combinations.
John Venn: An English logician and philosopher who published a systematic form of set diagrams in 1880. His 1880 paper established the diagram form now bearing his name.
Syllogism: A deductive argument in which a conclusion follows from two premises sharing a middle term. Class diagrams can test whether categorical premises support a conclusion.
Marimekko chart: A variable-width stacked bar chart that displays two categorical distributions together. It compares proportions quantitatively, whereas Venn diagrams emphasize set membership.
Intersection: The set of elements shared by two or more sets. The overlap between curves represents elements belonging to every set involved.
Boolean algebra: An algebraic system for operations on truth values, including conjunction, disjunction, and negation. Its operations correspond to intersection, union, and complement in set diagrams.
Leonhard Euler: An eighteenth-century mathematician whose diagrams depicted logical relationships among classes. His earlier diagrams anticipated the form while showing only relations that actually hold.
Inclusion–exclusion principle: A counting rule that corrects for overlap when calculating the size of a union of sets. Overlapping regions make clear why shared elements must not be counted twice.
UpSet plot: A matrix-based visualization for comparing intersections among many sets. It remains readable for numerous sets where overlapping curves become difficult to interpret.

Linked from 2 pages