Violin technique

Violin technique comprises the physical methods of bowing, fingering, and coordinating both hands to produce sound and execute music on the violin.

Bowing: The controlled movement of a bow across a string instrument’s strings to produce sound. Bow direction, speed, pressure, and contact point govern the violin’s sound.
Detache: A bow stroke in which each note is played with a separate, smoothly connected movement. It provides the basic separated stroke used across much violin repertoire.
Double stop: The simultaneous performance of two notes on a bowed string instrument. It requires the bow to contact two strings while the fingers stop one or both.
Leopold Mozart: An Austrian composer and violinist whose 1756 treatise documented eighteenth-century violin playing. His treatise records bowing, fingering, and ornament practices from an earlier technical tradition.
Viola technique: The physical methods used to produce sound and perform music on the viola. The viola shares violin-family mechanics but its larger size and lower range alter technical demands.
Fingerboard: The long, usually unfretted surface against which a string is pressed to change its vibrating length. The left hand stops strings on the violin’s fingerboard to produce different pitches.
Martelé: A forceful bow stroke begun with a bite of pressure and released into a short, sharply articulated note. Its accented attack shows how bow pressure can shape a note’s onset.
Artificial harmonic: A high, flute-like tone produced by stopping a string and lightly touching it at another point. This technique extends the violin’s register using controlled light finger contact.
Giovanni Battista Viotti: An Italian violinist and composer whose playing helped shape the modern French violin school. His bowing and concert style influenced later French violinists and pedagogy.
Cello technique: The physical methods used to produce sound and perform music on the cello. The cello uses related bowing and fingering principles with a different posture and scale.

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