VirtualBox

VirtualBox is a hosted hypervisor developed by Oracle that runs virtual machines on Windows, macOS, Linux, and other host operating systems.

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Type 2 hypervisor: A hypervisor that runs as an application on a conventional host operating system. VirtualBox relies on a host operating system rather than controlling hardware directly.
Operating system virtualization: The use of software to run multiple isolated operating-system environments on shared hardware. VirtualBox provides this capability on a personal computer.
VMware Workstation: A hosted virtualization product for running virtual machines on desktop operating systems. It competes with VirtualBox as a desktop hypervisor.
Innotek: A German software company that created VirtualBox before its acquisition by Sun Microsystems. Innotek began VirtualBox's development.
Host operating system: The operating system running directly on a computer's physical hardware. VirtualBox installs on this system and depends on its drivers and services.
Hardware virtualization: Processor features that let software run virtual machines with near-native execution. VirtualBox uses CPU virtualization extensions to execute guest code efficiently.
Software testing: The process of evaluating software to find defects and verify expected behavior. Disposable VirtualBox guests let testers check software across operating systems.
VMware Fusion: A hosted hypervisor for running virtual machines on macOS. It offers a comparable desktop virtualization option for Mac users.
Sun Microsystems: An American technology company that acquired Innotek and continued developing VirtualBox. Sun owned and developed VirtualBox before Oracle acquired it.
Guest operating system: An operating system installed inside a virtual machine. VirtualBox presents virtual hardware for a guest operating system to use.