Vladimir Dal

Vladimir Dal (1801–1872) was a Russian writer and lexicographer best known for compiling the Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language.

Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language: A four-volume Russian dictionary compiled by Vladimir Dal and published between 1863 and 1866. This is Dal’s defining work, recording vocabulary and usage across the Russian-speaking world.
Moscow: The capital and largest city of Russia. Dal was born in Moscow in 1801.
Alexander Pushkin: A Russian poet and writer widely regarded as a founder of modern Russian literature. Pushkin encouraged Dal’s collecting and gave him a Cossack sword after a serious illness.
Russian etymology: The study of the historical origins and development of Russian words. Dal’s entries often proposed word origins, though modern scholarship does not accept all of them.
Russian language: An East Slavic language spoken primarily in Russia and communities across the world. Dal documented its vocabulary, including regional and colloquial forms.
Russian Empire: A state that existed from 1721 until the Russian Revolution of 1917. Dal lived and worked across this empire, whose regions supplied his dictionary’s vocabulary.
Vladimir Dahl: An alternative English spelling of the name of Russian lexicographer Vladimir Dal. His surname appears in English transliterations as both Dal and Dahl.
Russian literature: Literature written in Russian, including works from Russia and other Russian-speaking societies. Dal’s dictionary became a resource for writers seeking expressive and vernacular vocabulary.
Russian dialects: Regional varieties of Russian that differ in pronunciation, vocabulary, and grammar. Dal gathered regional words that standard dictionaries often omitted.
Imperial Russian Navy: The naval force of the Russian Empire, active from the early eighteenth century until 1917. Dal served as a naval officer before turning to literature and lexicography.

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Nikolay PirogovRelated: Dahl and Pirogov belonged to overlapping circles of Russian physicians and public intellectuals.