Vocal range

Vocal range is the span between the lowest and highest pitches a singer can produce. It can be described by its endpoints or by a voice type.

Pitch (music): Pitch is the perceived highness or lowness of a sound, associated with its frequency. Range endpoints are pitches, usually named with notes or frequencies.
Vocal fold vibration: Vocal fold vibration is the repeated opening and closing of the vocal folds that creates periodic sound. Changing vibration rate raises or lowers the fundamental frequency a singer produces.
Vocal pedagogy: Vocal pedagogy is the study and practice of teaching singing and healthy voice production. Teachers assess range while developing reliable access to pitches at its edges.
Vocal extension: Vocal extension is the ability to produce pitches beyond a singer’s usual working range, often through specialized technique. An isolated extreme pitch may extend beyond the range used reliably in performance.
Vocal register: A vocal register is a series of tones produced with a similar vocal mechanism and quality. Register changes can affect how a singer produces pitches across the range.
Fundamental frequency: Fundamental frequency is the lowest frequency in a periodic sound and largely determines its perceived pitch. It provides a measurable counterpart to the pitches at a singer’s range limits.
Audition: An audition is a performance used to assess a person for a role, ensemble, or opportunity. Auditions may test whether a singer can perform the pitches required by a part.
Vocal tessitura: Vocal tessitura is the pitch region in which a singer’s voice functions most effectively over sustained singing. A broad range does not imply comfort across all of its pitches.
Voice type: A voice type classifies a singing voice by characteristics such as range, tessitura, and timbre. Voice types summarize vocal characteristics but do not specify every singer’s full range.
Larynx: The larynx is an organ in the neck that houses the vocal folds and supports voice production. Its structures adjust vocal-fold tension and length as pitch changes.

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