Vodka

Vodka is a clear spirit made by distilling fermented grain, potatoes, or other starch- or sugar-rich materials. It is usually unaged and valued for a relatively neutral flavor.

Fermentation: Fermentation is the metabolic conversion of sugars into alcohols, acids, or gases by microorganisms. Yeast fermentation produces the alcohol that distillation concentrates into vodka.
Ethanol: Ethanol is the intoxicating alcohol produced by fermentation and concentrated in distilled spirits. It is vodka’s principal alcohol and determines its proof when diluted.
Polish vodka: Polish vodka is vodka produced within Poland under national production and labeling rules. Poland preserves a distinct vodka tradition and legally protects the name Polska Wódka.
Vodka martini: A vodka martini is a cocktail made primarily from vodka and dry vermouth, often garnished with an olive or lemon twist. It showcases vodka as a substitute for gin in a classic stirred cocktail.
Alcohol intoxication: Alcohol intoxication is the acute impairment caused by consuming ethanol. Vodka’s high alcohol concentration makes serving size especially consequential.
Distillation: Distillation separates substances by heating a mixture and condensing components according to their volatility. Repeated distillation can raise alcohol concentration and reduce some congeners.
Starch: Starch is a carbohydrate polymer that plants store as an energy reserve. Grain and potato starch must be converted into fermentable sugars before alcohol production.
Russian vodka: Russian vodka is vodka associated with Russian production traditions and regulations. Russian history is central to vodka’s identity, though its exact origin is disputed.
Moscow mule: A Moscow mule is a cocktail combining vodka, ginger beer, and lime juice. Its strong ginger and citrus flavors complement vodka’s comparatively restrained character.
Alcohol use disorder: Alcohol use disorder is a medical condition involving impaired control over alcohol use and continued use despite harm. Vodka carries the same dependence risks as other ethanol-containing drinks.

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