Weaving

Weaving produces fabric by interlacing lengthwise warp yarns with crosswise weft yarns. The structure and appearance depend on how these yarn systems cross.

Warp: The set of lengthwise yarns held under tension on a loom during weaving. These yarns form the fabric’s lengthwise system and must separate for each weft insertion.
Yarn: A continuous strand of fibers or filaments used to make textiles. Warp and weft are yarn systems whose properties shape the woven cloth.
Denim: A durable cotton fabric traditionally woven with a blue-dyed warp and a lighter weft in a twill structure. Its characteristic diagonal surface comes from a specific woven construction.
Warp-weighted loom: A loom that tensions hanging warp yarns with suspended weights. This early loom type illustrates how ancient weavers controlled warp tension.
Knitting: A textile-making method that forms fabric by interlooping yarns. Unlike weaving’s crossing yarn systems, knitting builds cloth from connected loops.
Weft: The yarn inserted crosswise through the warp during weaving. Its path across the warp creates each successive woven pick.
Textile: A flexible material made from fibers, yarns, or fabric structures. Weaving is one way to produce this broader class of materials.
Tapestry: A textile in which discontinuous colored wefts create pictorial or decorative designs. Weaving can build images directly into fabric rather than print them afterward.
Tablet weaving: A narrow-band weaving technique that uses perforated tablets to twist and lift warp yarns. It represents a distinct historical method for producing patterned bands.
Nonwoven fabric: A sheet material made by bonding or entangling fibers without first weaving or knitting yarns. It achieves textile-like functions without a warp-and-weft structure.

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