White nationalism

White nationalism is a political ideology that seeks to preserve or establish a nation defined by white identity and white political or demographic dominance.

Race: A socially constructed system for classifying people through perceived ancestry and bodily traits. White nationalism treats racial categories as foundations for political belonging.
White supremacy: The belief that white people are superior and should dominate people classified as other races. It overlaps with white nationalism but centers hierarchy, not necessarily a nation defined by white identity.
Scientific racism: The misuse of scientific claims and methods to justify racial hierarchy and discrimination. Its doctrines gave political advocates purported evidence for racial hierarchy.
Jim Crow laws: State and local laws enforcing racial segregation and disenfranchisement in the United States, chiefly from the late nineteenth century to the 1960s. They institutionalized white political dominance after Reconstruction.
White genocide conspiracy theory: A racist conspiracy theory claiming that white people face a coordinated campaign of extermination or demographic destruction. Its claims frame demographic change as an existential threat and can encourage extremist mobilization.
Nationalism: A political principle that links collective identity to a nation and often its self-government. White nationalism makes national membership depend on white identity.
White separatism: A political position advocating separation of white people from other racial groups. Separatism prioritizes separation, while white nationalism seeks a white-defined political nation.
Colonialism: A system in which a state controls and exploits territories and populations beyond its borders. Colonial rule helped normalize racialized claims to land and political power.
Immigration Act of 1924: A United States law that imposed national-origins quotas heavily restricting immigration from Asia and southern and eastern Europe. Its quotas expressed racialized efforts to shape the country's population.
Far-right politics: Political movements and ideologies that favor hierarchy, exclusion, or authoritarian nationalism. White nationalism's place within broader far-right coalitions remains contested and variable.

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