Windmill

A mill that uses wind-driven sails or blades to power machinery. Its rotating mechanism converts wind energy into mechanical work, such as grinding grain or pumping water.

Wind turbine: A machine that converts wind energy into electricity or other forms of useful power. Unlike a traditional windmill, it is designed primarily to generate electrical power.
Persian windmill: An early vertical-axis windmill used in parts of Persia to grind grain and perform other work. Persian designs are among the earliest documented forms of wind-powered milling.
Windmill grain grinding: The use of wind-powered millstones to crush grain into flour or meal. Grinding grain was a widespread and enduring use of windmill power.
Watermill: A mill powered by flowing or falling water. Watermills deliver similar mechanical work but depend on waterways rather than wind.
Land reclamation: The creation or recovery of usable land by draining water or altering shorelines. Wind-powered drainage made some low-lying land cultivable and habitable.
Sail (windmill): A broad surface mounted on a windmill shaft that catches wind and turns the rotor. Sails capture the wind and transmit its force to the rotating mechanism.
European windmill: A wind-powered mill developed in Europe, commonly using horizontal sails and a vertical shaft. Its architecture shaped the familiar European tower and post mills.
Windpump: A wind-powered machine that lifts or moves water, often using a reciprocating pump. Windmills could use their rotation to pump water for drainage, irrigation, or livestock.
Treadmill: A machine with a moving belt or rotating surface used for exercise or mechanical power. The shared word can obscure that treadmills are not powered by wind.
Dutch East India Company: A Dutch chartered company founded in 1602 to conduct trade and colonial activity in Asia. Wind-powered sawmills accelerated shipbuilding that supported Dutch maritime commerce.

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