Wound healing

Wound healing is the biological process that restores tissue continuity after injury through overlapping phases of inflammation, tissue formation, and remodeling.

Hemostasis: Hemostasis is the process that stops bleeding through vessel constriction, platelet activity, and blood clot formation. It forms the initial seal that limits blood loss and provides a scaffold for repair.
Platelet: A platelet is a small blood component that helps form clots and release signaling molecules. Platelets both plug damaged vessels and release signals that influence early repair.
Chronic wound: A chronic wound is a wound that fails to progress through orderly healing within an expected period. It shows how disrupted healing phases can prevent closure.
Scar: A scar is fibrous tissue that replaces normal tissue after injury or disease. Scar formation is a frequent outcome of repair that does not fully regenerate original tissue.
Inflammation: Inflammation is a coordinated immune response to tissue damage or infection. Early inflammation clears microbes and damaged material while signaling cells involved in repair.
Coagulation: Coagulation is the cascade of reactions that turns soluble blood proteins into a fibrin clot. The fibrin clot stabilizes the wound and supports incoming repair cells.
Wound infection: A wound infection occurs when pathogenic microorganisms invade damaged tissue and multiply. Infection prolongs inflammation and can damage newly forming tissue.
Keloid: A keloid is an overgrown scar that extends beyond the original wound boundaries. It illustrates how excessive scar formation can continue beyond the injury site.
Angiogenesis: Angiogenesis is the formation of new blood vessels from existing vessels. New vessels supply oxygen and nutrients to the developing repair tissue.
Cytokine: A cytokine is a signaling protein that regulates immune and other cellular activity. Cytokines coordinate communication among immune cells and tissue-repair cells.

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